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Roy Watling , PhD., DSc, FRSE, F.I.Biol., C.Biol., FLS (born 1938) is a Scottish mycologist who has made significant contributions to the study of fungi both in identification of new species and correct taxonomic placement, as well as in fungal ecology. ==Biography== Watling has served as the Head of Mycology and Plant Pathology as well as Acting Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh as well as a visiting professor at Ramkhamhaeng University in Bangkok, Thailand. He has been awarded a Patrick Neill Medal and an Outstanding Contribution to Nature Award from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. He is a member of the German, American, and Dutch Mycological Societies and of the North American Mycological Association. Since his retirement he has been active in leading fungal forays and education events for the youth in and around Edinburgh.〔https://sites.google.com/site/scottishfungi/consultant-mycologists/consultant-details/roywatling〕 He is a past president of the Botanical Society of Scotland from 1984 to 1986.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.botanical-society-scotland.org.uk/node/219 )〕 In 1997 Watling received the honour of Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE) for services to science. In 1998, the Royal Society of Edinburgh awarded him the Neill Medal, a triennial distinction recognizing outstanding work by a Scottish naturalist.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/663_NeillMedal.html )〕 While much of his work has been in identifying and expanding knowledge of fungi in the tropics, Watling has also done extensive research in much of the UK and North America. He is listed as an author of over 500 fungal taxa in the nomenclatural database MycoBank.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fungal Databases: Nomenclature and Species Banks (search for "Watling" in authors field) )〕 An example of Watling's work in Scotland can be seen in a 1983 study detailing the fungal populations of the Hebrides; this study highlights how little is known of fungi in some isolated locations in the United Kingdom. Working along with R. W. G. Dennis, Watling published several papers adding to the 1,787 species of fungi located on the Island of Mull in the Inner Hebrides. The unique geographic composition of these islands, as well as limited human influence makes the Hebrides an interesting location for fungal diversity.〔wildmull.com/page.aspx?Fungi〕 His work in the Shetland Islands, Hebrides, and northern Scotland provides insight into distribution patterns of ''Russula'', ''Laccaria'', ''Inocybe'', ''Cortinarius'', ''Amanita nivalis'', ''Omphalina alpina'' and ''Omphalina hudsoniana'' (as well as other taxa) in relation to climatic and geographical variance.〔Watling, Roy. "Larger arctic-alpine fungi in Scotland." Arctic and Alpine mycology II. Springer US, 1987. 17–45.〕 This information was further updated with a publication in 1994 with his publication of the ''Fungus Flora of Shetland'', and in 1999 publication of ''The Fungus Flora of Orkney''. Further research into the alpine arctic relationship with fungi can be seen in his study of seven taxa of coprophilous fungi in the Falkland Islands. Watling has written books which range from high degrees of specificity on specific topics like ''Boletus'' diversity, to more entry-level mycology books. Watling was one of the editors of the first compendium of basidiomycota of the British isles.〔http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts20053205026.html;jsessionid=AFC293CA9398DB30D7F9F82B40784EB6〕 His work has also had wider global impacts outside of the fungi kingdom. His work focusing on chloromethane production provides evidence of the role white-rot fungi have in the tropical rain forest methane cycle. This is especially critical with wider impacts of global warming and de-forestation impacts of the tropics.〔Watling, Roy, and David B. Harper. "Chloromethane production by wood-rotting fungi and an estimate of the global flux to the atmosphere." Mycological Research 102.07 (1998): 769–787.〕 The importance of this research was further collaborated with a study published in 2005 that suggests that one of the largest source of atmospheric chloromethane production is from these fungal sources. This information also suggests the greater impact that white-rot wood decay fungi have in development of a microbial soil sink for chloromethane.〔Keppler, F., et al. "New insight into the atmospheric chloromethane budget gained using stable carbon isotope ratios." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5.9 (2005): 2403–2411.〕 Watling has also worked on the developmental study of fungal fruit bodies.〔Watling, R. "Patterns in fungal development-fruiting patterns in nature." Patterns in fungal development. Cambridge University, Cambridge, England (1996): 182-222.〕 His work has contributed to polymorphism studies with ''Psilocybe merdaria'', and with dimorphism in ''Entoloma abortivum''.〔Watling R. 1974. Dimorphism in Entoloma abortivum. Bull Soc Linn Lyon, Num Spec 43:449–470.〕 Watling was also the first to correctly identify and describe a parasitic relationship between ''Entoloma'' and ''Armillaria'' in their carpophoroid form. While debate is still on the parasitic relationship of whom parasitizes whom, Watling’s discovery has shed light on a new relationship of fungi on an important edible mushroom. Watling has studies the genus ''Armillaria''. A compendium was published in 1982, as well as studies of ''Armillaria'' in Australia and the United States.〔Watling, Roy, Glen A. Kile, and Harold H. Burdsall Jr. "Nomenclature, taxonomy, and identification." Armillaria root disease. USDA Forest Service, Washington DC (1991): 1-9.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roy Watling」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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